GALLIUM predominantly uses widely available tools. In certain instances, GALLIUM has modified these tools to add additional functionality. However, it’s likely these modifications have been made to subvert antimalware solutions since much of the malware and tooling employed by GALLIUM is historic and is widely detected by security products. For example, QuarkBandit is a modified version of the widely used Gh0st RAT, an openly available remote access tool (RAT). Similarly, GALLIUM has made use of a modified version of the widely available Poison Ivy RAT. These RATs and the China Chopper web shell form the basis of GALLIUM’s toolkit for maintaining access to a victim network